THIS week we look at the condition osteoporosis, those likely to be affected by it and how to reduce the risks associated with its development.

Classified as a condition that leads to weakening of bone structure, osteoporosis is a disease that increases the risk of fracture.

As we get older, the ability of the body to repair itself decreases, leading to bones weakening with age. Bones most likely to fracture are in the spine, wrists and hips but all bones are at increased risk as we age. There are various risk factors associated with developing osteoporosis.

Patients taking long-term steroids, those with a history of thyroid disorders and smokers or heavy drinkers are all more likely to develop this condition than others. In addition, women who have reached or passed the menopause are also at an increased risk; as a woman gets older, her ovaries start to slow down, reducing the amount of oestrogen in the blood, resulting in bones weakening and making fractures more likely.

If considered at risk of developing osteoporosis, there is plenty that can be done to slow down or even reverse the condition’s progression. Cutting down or ideally stopping alcohol and tobacco consumption will help strengthen bone. Making sure you have a healthy, balanced and varied diet will also improve the structure of weakened bones, as will taking regular exercise; it doesn’t need to be strenuous - a brisk 30-minute walk five times a week will not only help bones but will contribute positively to many aspects of general health and well being

There are a range of medications available for both treating and preventing osteoporosis. The most common medicines contain a combination of both calcium and vitamin D3.

Calcium is a basic building block in used to create new bone and vitamin D3 increases the amount of calcium that the body can absorb. This combination gives the body enough calcium to promote new bone growth and reduce the risk of fracture.

The other medicines are in a group called the bisphosphonates and by far the most common agent used in this class is alendronic acid. This is normally a tablet taken only once a week and has very specific instructions that need to be followed to ensure they work correctly.

The tablet must be taken first thing in the morning, on the same day each week, with a large glass of tap water to ensure it reaches the stomach. You should stay upright and avoid all other food, drink (including juice, tea or coffee) or other medicines for at least 30 minutes.

If you are unsure about anything discussed here, or any other health care matter, your local Murrays Pharmacy will be more than happy to help. Any of our pharmacists can have a private, NHS consultation with you to make sure you are getting the most out of your medicines and help resolve any issues you may have about your medicines.

For more information, visit your local Murrays Pharmacy – you’ll be taking good advice!